Research
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33
Sources cited
43
Topics covered
All Sources
Draelos ZD, et al. Niacinamide-containing facial moisturizer improves skin attributes and pore appearance. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2006;8(2):96-101.
Hakozaki T, et al. The effect of niacinamide on reducing cutaneous pigmentation and suppression of melanosome transfer. Br J Dermatol. 2002;147(1):20-31.
Bissett DL, et al. Niacinamide: A B vitamin that improves aging facial skin appearance. Dermatol Surg. 2005;31(7 Pt 2):860-5.
Tanno O, et al. Niacinamide increases biosynthesis of ceramides as well as other stratum corneum lipids to improve the epidermal permeability barrier. Br J Dermatol. 2000;143(3):524-31.
Mukherjee S, et al. Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety. Clin Interv Aging. 2006;1(4):327-48.
Leyden J, et al. Topical Retinoids in Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2017;18(3):319-326.
Dhaliwal S, et al. Prospective, randomized, double-blind assessment of topical bakuchiol and retinol for facial photoageing. Br J Dermatol. 2019;180(2):289-296.
Zaenglein AL, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2024;90(5):e95-e142.
Sinha S, et al. Acne in Indian population: An epidemiological study evaluating multiple factors. IP Indian J Clin Exp Dermatol. 2020;6(3):253-258.
Mills OH, et al. Comparison of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% benzoyl peroxide on inflammatory acne vulgaris. Int J Dermatol. 1986;25(10):664-7.
Davis EC, Callender VD. Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation: A Review of the Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Treatment Options in Skin of Color. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2010;3(7):20-31.
Woolery-Lloyd H, et al. Managing Post-inflammatory Hyperpigmentation in Patients with Acne. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2021;22(6):801-811.
Dogra S, et al. Skin Hyperpigmentation in Indian Population: Insights and Best Practice. Indian J Dermatol. 2016;61(5):487-495.
Kircik LH. Efficacy and safety of azelaic acid 15% gel for the treatment of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and acne. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2011;4(1):31-7.
Fitton A, Goa KL. Azelaic Acid: A Review of its Pharmacological Properties and Therapeutic Efficacy. Drugs. 1991;41(5):780-798.
Mahmoud BH, et al. Sunscreen use as adjunctive treatment for PIH and melasma. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2020.
Matta MK, et al. Effect of Sunscreen Application on Plasma Concentration of Sunscreen Active Ingredients. JAMA. 2020;323(3):256-267.
Amaro-Ortiz A, et al. Ultraviolet radiation, aging and the skin: Prevention of damage by topical cAMP manipulation. Molecules. 2014;19(5):6202-6219.
Pullar JM, et al. The Roles of Vitamin C in Skin Health. Nutrients. 2017;9(8):866.
Papakonstantinou E, et al. Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging. Dermatoendocrinol. 2012;4(3):253-258.
Coderch L, et al. Ceramides and skin function. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003;4(2):107-29.
Rosso JD, et al. Skin barrier function. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2018;18(6):31.
Zander E, Weisman S. A double-blind comparison of the efficacy of salicylic acid vs benzoyl peroxide for acne. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;48(4):S34-S35.
Tang SC, Yang JH. Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin. Molecules. 2018;23(4):863.
Spencer EH, et al. Diet and acne: a review of the evidence. Int J Dermatol. 2009;48(4):339-47.
Rocio B, et al. Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Serum Containing Niacinamide, Tranexamic Acid, Vitamin C vs Hydroquinone in Melasma. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025.
Draelos ZD. Skin lightening preparations and the hydroquinone controversy. Dermatol Ther. 2007;20(5):308-13.
Huang ZR, et al. Biological and pharmacological activities of squalene and related compounds. Molecules. 2009;14(1):540-554.
Schagen SK, et al. Discovering the link between nutrition and skin aging. Dermatoendocrinol. 2012;4(3):298-307.
Keen MA, Shah IH. Dermatologic manifestations of polycystic ovary syndrome. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2014;15(2):109-124.
Study: Over 80% of Indian Women Affected By Skin Color Heterogeneity. BW Healthcare World. 2023.
Bhatia R, et al. Self-perceived sensitive skin: a survey analysis of the Indian population. Indian J Dermatol. 2019;64(5):363-366.
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Acne
8 sources
Aging
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AHA
1 source
Anti-aging
4 sources
Azelaic Acid
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Bakuchiol
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Barrier Repair
1 source
Benzoyl Peroxide
2 sources
Ceramides
2 sources
Diet
1 source
Epidemiology
2 sources
Exfoliation
1 source
Glycolic Acid
1 source
Hyaluronic Acid
1 source
Hydroquinone
1 source
Hyperpigmentation
4 sources
India
4 sources
Ingredient Analysis
1 source
Melasma
2 sources
Niacinamide
5 sources
Nutrition
1 source
Oil Control
1 source
PCOS
1 source
Peptides
1 source
Pigmentation
1 source
PIH
4 sources
Pores
1 source
Retinol
3 sources
Safety
1 source
Salicylic Acid
1 source
Sensitive Skin
1 source
Skin
1 source
Skin Barrier
2 sources
Skin Health
1 source
Skin Lightening
1 source
Skin of Color
1 source
Squalane
1 source
Sun Damage
1 source
Sunscreen
3 sources
Tranexamic Acid
1 source
Treatment Guidelines
1 source
UV
1 source
Vitamin C
1 source
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